
Edo Castle
Japan’s largest castle by area, once the base of the shoguns during the Edo period.
Edo Castle is Japan’s largest castle by area, once serving as the base of the shoguns during the Edo period.
Today, part of it is the Imperial Palace, and areas around the palace are not open to the public.
However, other areas are open to visitors, where you can enjoy gates, turrets, castle ruins, and nature-filled parks—making it a popular sightseeing spot.
Because Edo Castle sits in Tokyo’s Chiyoda City, surrounded by skyscrapers and modern buildings, it’s also a great place to see Japan’s past and present at once.
The grounds are so vast that it’s hard to cover everything in a single day, so here are some carefully selected must-see spots.
Highlights
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A vast castle built before the Edo period, then expanded over about 30 years during the Edo period
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Part of it is now the Imperial Palace
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See gates and turrets designated as Important Cultural Properties of Japan
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Gardens where you can enjoy Japan’s four seasons
The History of Edo Castle
Before we dive into the best places to visit, let’s look back at Edo Castle’s history.
Knowing the background will make your visit even more rewarding.
Many people assume Edo Castle was built in the Edo period, but it was actually constructed earlier.
It was founded in 1487.
It was built by the master castle builder “Todo Takatora”.
At the time, it wasn’t a large castle.
Edo Castle grew after the Edo period began.
Tokugawa Ieyasu, who founded the Tokugawa shogunate, ordered feudal lords across Japan to renovate the castle to serve as the shogunate’s base.
The work was so extensive that it continued beyond Ieyasu’s lifetime and was carried on by the second shogun Tokugawa Hidetada and the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu, taking about 30 years to complete.
As a result, Edo Castle became the largest in Japan, a powerful symbol of the shogunate’s authority.
The scale is impressive.
Compared with other famous castles, you’ll see just how huge it was:
,Kumamoto Castle: Approx. 20 ha
,Nagoya Castle: Approx. 23 ha
,Osaka Castle: Approx. 106 ha
,Edo Castle: Approx. 230 ha
Later, a major fire in Edo destroyed the castle.
While areas such as the Honmaru and Ninomaru were rebuilt, the main keep was never reconstructed due to financial strain on the shogunate.
Edo Castle remained the shogunate’s base until 1868, when the Meiji Restoration shifted power from the shogunate to the new government.
The castle was handed over to the Meiji government and became the emperor’s residence-eventually coming to be known as the Imperial Palace rather than Edo Castle.
Best Things to See at Edo Castle
Edo Castle is divided into outer and inner areas. The inner area is further split into Honmaru, Ninomaru, Sannomaru, Kitanomaru, and Fukiage.
The outer area has been heavily developed over time, with little left from the original castle.
For sightseeing, the inner area—where you can still feel the atmosphere and see surviving structures—is the best choice.
Even the inner area alone is huge, so seeing everything in one day can be tough.
But if you cover the spots below, you’ll get a great sense of Edo Castle’s charm.
Otemon Gate
When you visit Edo Castle, start from the front—just like in the old days.
Otemon Gate is the castle’s main gate.
During the Edo period, only special figures such as the shogun, feudal lords, and imperial envoys were allowed through.
Today, anyone can pass, so it’s fun to step through and imagine what it once felt like.

The East Gardens of the Imperial Palace
After passing through Otemon Gate, you’ll reach the East Gardens of the Imperial Palace, a landscaped garden area that includes parts of Edo Castle’s Honmaru, Ninomaru, and Sannomaru.
Highlights include the checkpoints once used for security (Doshin Bansho and Hyakunin Bansho), the seasonal beauty of Ninomaru Garden, the Edo Castle Honmaru Ruins where you can feel the scale of the main enclosure, and the massive keep foundation.

Fujimi Yagura (Turret)
Within the East Gardens of the Imperial Palace, you’ll find a 16-meter-tall turret that still stands today, built so the shogun could enjoy views of Mt. Fuji, Tokyo Bay, and more.
You can’t go up, but you can view it up close.
Take a moment to picture the scenery the shogun once admired.

Nijubashi Bridge
There are two bridges leading into the Imperial Palace: the nearer one from the plaza is Seimon Ishibashi (Main Gate Stone Bridge), and the one behind it is Seimon Tetsubashi (Main Gate Iron Bridge).
Many people think “Nijubashi” refers to both bridges together, but officially, it refers only to the rear bridge, Seimon Tetsubashi.
The view from the Imperial Palace Plaza—framed by the two bridges and the Fushimi Yagura turret—is considered one of the most beautiful sights at the Imperial Palace.
It’s a must-see when visiting Edo Castle.

Sakuradamon Gate
Sakuradamon Gate is known as the site of the Sakuradamon Incident, a major historical event in which Ii Naosuke-who worked to defend the weakening authority of the Tokugawa shogunate-was assassinated.
The gate is a “masugata-mon,” a defensive structure designed to block intruders using two gates and a turret, and it remains fully intact in its original form.
It is now designated as an Important Cultural Property of Japan.
Seeing the location of a pivotal moment in Japanese history is a great way to imagine what it was like at the time.

Kitanomaru Park
Edo Castle was divided into five areas: Honmaru, Ninomaru, Sannomaru, Kitanomaru, and Fukiage.
Today, Kitanomaru is Kitanomaru Park, a scenic sightseeing spot with seasonal nature, Important Cultural Properties, and cultural facilities.
With over 200 cherry trees, it’s one of Tokyo’s well-known hanami spots, and it also has many varieties of maple trees for autumn foliage.
The park’s entrances are Tayasu-mon Gate and Shimizu-mon Gate, both once part of Edo Castle and now registered as Important Cultural Properties of Japan.
You’ll also find the Showa-kan Museum, which showcases materials on life in Japan after World War II, the National Archives of Japan, and the Science Museum, where you can experience cutting-edge technology—making it a great mix of history and innovation.

Nishinomaru (Imperial Palace)
Because Edo Castle’s Nishinomaru is now the Imperial Palace, you can only see it by joining a free Imperial Palace guided tour.
The tour starts at Kikyo-mon Gate and takes you with a guide to key spots you don’t usually get to see, including Fujimi Yagura, the front of the Imperial Household Agency building, and Nijubashi Bridge.
If you’re not sure which Edo Castle sights to prioritize, the Imperial Palace tour is a great option.

Summary
We’ve covered key spots to see at Edo Castle, along with the history that makes the visit even more meaningful.
As one of the most important sites in Japanese history, Edo Castle has plenty to offer.
If it’s on your list, use this guide to help shape your Tokyo sightseeing plan.
Photos
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Edo Castle (Illustration)
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Otemon Gate
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The East Gardens of the Imperial Palace
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Fujimi Yagura
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Nijubashi Bridge
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Sakuradamon Gate
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Kitanomaru Park
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Nishinomaru
Details
- Name in Japanese
- 江戸城跡
- Postal Code
- 100-8111
- Address
- 1-1 Chiyoda, Chiyoda City, Tokyo
- Access
- 5 min on foot from Tokyo Station (JR Chuo Line), 5 min on foot from Otemachi Station (Tokyo Metro Chiyoda Line)
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