Located in leafy Ueno Park, this museum specializes in Western art, as its name suggests. Its collection is based on the Matsukata Collection, which was returned to Japan as a gift from the French government. The collection focuses on French art, including paintings by Impressionists such as Renoir, Van Gogh, and Monet, works by Picasso, and sculptures by Rodin. The permanent exhibition also features works dating from the Middle Ages to the 20th century, along with donated works and pieces on long-term loan. A special exhibitions wing opened in 1997. Around three times a year, it hosts exhibitions organized jointly with newspaper companies and other organizations, featuring works borrowed from museums in Europe, the United States, and elsewhere.
The building itself is as artistically significant as the works in the museum’s collection. The Main Building, completed in 1959, was designed by Le Corbusier. In July 2016, “The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement,” which includes the National Museum of Western Art as one of its component sites, was inscribed on the World Heritage List.